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Research on Indonesia Ms 7.4 Earthquake Based on Data of Zhangheng-1 Electromagnetic Satellite
YANG Chao, YONG Shanshan, WANG Xin’an, LIU Cong
Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis    2021, 57 (6): 997-1005.   DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2021.097
Abstract711)   HTML    PDF(pc) (2431KB)(95)       Save
Taking the Ms 7.4 earthquake in Indonesia on September 28, 2018 as the background, this paper uses the sliding quartile (IQR) algorithm, sliding principal component analysis (PCA) algorithm and short-time Fourier transform (STFT) algorithm to study the space-time electromagnetic data in the epicentral area by using the X, Y and Z components of ULF magnetic field observed by Zhangheng-1 electromagnetic satellite.The results show that the three algorithms can effectively extract the anomaly before the earthquake. 1) The mean value of X, Y and Z components began to appear anomaly 7 days before the earthquake. The anomaly degree of Y and Z components increased gradually with the approaching of the earthquake occurrence time, and reached the peak value 2 days before the earthquake. The maximum anomaly degree of Y component reached 0.7 nT, and then slowly disappeared after the earthquake. 2) 5 days before the earthquake, the anomaly of the principal component began to appear, the proportion of the first principal component decreased sharply by more than 15%. The proportion of the second and third principal components increased sharply, and the anomaly lasted for 3 days. 3) 9 days before the earthquake, the proportion of 13 and 25 Hz power spectral density anomalies appeared at the same time, 13 Hz proportion increased by 35%, 25 Hz proportion decreased by more than 40%. 13 Hz proportion appeared positive anomalies and 25 Hz proportion appeared negative anomalies, of which the largest positive anomaly reached 0.1, the largest negative anomaly reached ?0.15. The anomalies disappeared after the earthquake. According to the solar geomagnetic activity in the same period of time, the comprehensive analysis shows that the above electromagnetic anomalies can be used as precursors of earthquakes in Indonesia.
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Correlation Analysis of Electromagnetic Disturbance and Earthquakes Based on AETA
YONG Shanshan, WANG Xin’an, GUO Qinmeng, LIU Cong, YANG Chao, WANG Jing, JIANG Binghui
Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis    2021, 57 (5): 841-851.   DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2021.078
Abstract579)   HTML    PDF(pc) (4055KB)(118)       Save
According to electromagnetic disturbance (EMD) data based on AETA, a multi-component seismic monitoring and prediction system, this paper conducts features analysis, anomalies identification and correlation analysis combining with seismicity. The result shows that EMD data are different with environmental noise and human noise. It might be generated by the change and movement of free charge near the surface according to the principle of magnetic sensor and the derivation of Maxwell’s equations. Take Jiuzhaigou Ms 7.0 earthquake and Changning Ms 6.0 earthquake in Yibin as examples, a determined connection between EMD anomalies and earthquake was found. Periodic SRSS and ultra-low frequency EMD along the relerant bands of the Longmenshan fault and Xianshuihe fault zones might imply a risk of strong earthquake. We also discuss the physical mechanism of the EMD source and suggest that it may be related to the overflow of charged particles from the molten mantle into the crust. Under movement of earth rotation and revolution, the daily periodic fluctuation of the sunrise and sunset will occur in a specific related latitude and longitude region or area close to epicenter.
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Design and Implementation of Data Acquisition System for AETA
YANG Xingwen, YONG Shanshan, WANG Xin’an, ZHOU Kangsheng, JIN Xiuru
Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis    2020, 56 (4): 600-606.   DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2020.052
Abstract1234)   HTML    PDF(pc) (598KB)(171)       Save
This paper designs and implements a data acquisition system for AETA (Acoustic and Electromagnetic Testing All in one system). The data acquisition system is mainly divided into three parts: probe data acquisition software, data processing terminal software and server application. The data processing terminal software is the core, which is responsible for receiving the data collected from the probe and transmitting it stably and reliably to the server. The proposed system also has the function of automatic upgrade and online execution of commands, which can realize remote operation and maintenance of the device. Tests show that the AETA data acquisition system can run stably with network speed as low as 10 KB, and can respond to remote commands in a minute. It has good stability and real-time interactivity, and is suitable for cross-region and high-density layout of seismic monitoring system equipment.
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A Geo-Acoustic Sensing Probe for Seismic Monitoring
HUANG Jipan, YONG Shanshan, WANG Xin’an, PANG Ruitao, ZENG Jingwu
Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis    2020, 56 (2): 193-198.   DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2020.005
Abstract1534)   HTML    PDF(pc) (2244KB)(193)       Save
In order to study whether the geo-acoustic signal can be used as a reliable earthquake precursor signal, a geo-acoustic sensing probe based on piezoelectric film is designed for seismic monitoring. The probe supports 0.1 Hz–7 kHz wide-band geo-acoustic signal acquisition, 19.073 μV voltage resolution, and amplitude consistency error less than 5.5% (0.47 dB). The probe passed 6 reliability tests including salt spray test, random vibration and package dropping, and applied to 178 stations including the Sichuan and Yunnan National Test Site for geoacoustic monitoring. Field observation experiments show that the stations around the epicenter can captured the underground geo-acoustic signals before and after the earthquake.
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Research on Jiuzhaigou Ms 7.0 Earthquake Based on AETA Electromagnetic Disturbance
LÜ Yaxuan, WANG Xin’an, HUANG Jipan, YONG shanshan
Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis    2019, 55 (6): 1007-1013.   DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2019.108
Abstract1128)   HTML    PDF(pc) (1196KB)(83)       Save
On August 8, 2017, an Ms 7.0 earthquake hit Jiuzhaigou County, Sichuan Province, China. Before the earthquake, the AETA system was equipped with 6 monitoring stations in Jiuzhaigou County, Songpan County, Pingwu County, Qingchuan County, Maoxian County and Wenchuan County of Sichuan Province within a 200 km radius of the epicenter. With sliding principal component analysis (PCA) method, whose length of time window is 30 days, we analyzed the characteristics of electromagnetic disturbance of these six stations, and discussed the coand post-seismic changes of the electromagnetic field observed by the AETA system, and proposed a new impending seismic feature, namely the “anomaly band”. The results show that except the day of Jiuzhaigou Ms 7.0 earthquake, anomalous points appeared on monitoring station of Jiuzhaigou in the same period (5:00 am–6: 00 am) from the 5th day before the earthquake to the 15th day after the earthquake, and the anomalous value generally presented the trend of increase before the earthquake and decrease after the earthquake. Although anomalous points appeared on other monitoring stations, these points were scattered and the anomaly value was low. Within Two months after the abnormal band disappeared, there were no obvious band anomaly and no strong earthquakes.
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Earthquake Prediction Research Based on Data of ETA
WANG Xin’an, YONG Shanshan, HUANG Jipan, Lü Yaxuan, ZHANG Xing, LIANG Yiwen
Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis    2019, 55 (2): 209-214.   DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2019.007
Abstract1405)   HTML    PDF(pc) (12883KB)(247)       Save

Through the analysis of data of AETA (a system of earthquake precursory signals), before and after Jiuzhaigou Ms 7.0 earthquake in Sichuan Province on August 8, 2017, the result shows that there were 13 AETA stations which captured the associated abnormalities of 36 AETA stations stalled in Sichuan Province, and 9 of which were close related. A typical wave (SRSS wave) of electronic-magnetic disturbance average value found in 11 stations of the 13 stations, had a feature of changing synchronously with the time of sunrise and sunset. An abnormal stripe was found before and after Jiuzhaigou earthquake by PCAETA algorithm applied in SRSS of the 11 stations. Furthermore, the abnormal stripe is also found in Mianning Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Bureau station during August 12 to November 20, in 2017. It is concluded that AETA system can capture close related precursory abnormalities at multiple stations before earthquake and the abnormal stripe of SRSS wave is an obvious and specific earthquake precursory characteristics.

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Development of Inductive Magnetic Sensor for Multi-component Seismic Monitoring System AETA
YONG Shanshan, WANG Xin’an, PANG Ruitao, JIN Xiuru, ZENG Jingwu, HAN Chaoxiang, XU Boxing
Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis    2018, 54 (3): 495-501.   DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2017.170
Abstract958)   HTML8)    PDF(pc) (4527KB)(283)       Save

According to the multi-component seismic monitoring system’s technology requirements, an inductive magnetic sensor is presented and the design analysis and industrial implement are discussed. According to the requirements of electromagnetic disturbance monitoring, the authors define the design parameters and propose a well-considered plan on materials choosing and architecture designing. The covered frequency range is 0.1 Hz – 10 kHz, the temperature range is ?40 – 130°C, the monitoring range of magnetic field strength is 1 – 1000 nT, and the sensitivity requirement is larger than 20 mV/nT@(0.1 Hz – 10 kHz). The final test shows that the performance is achieved. This sensor is applied in multi-component seismic monitoring system which is being installed widely.

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Research and Implementation of Multi-component Seismic Monitoring System AETA
WANG Xin’an, YONG Shanshan, XU Boxing, LIANG Yiwen, BAI Zhiqiang, AN Huiyao, ZHANG Xing, HUANG Jipan, XIE Zheng, LIN Ke, HE Chunjiu, LI Qiuping
Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis    2018, 54 (3): 487-494.   DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2017.171
Abstract1172)   HTML9)    PDF(pc) (2073KB)(264)       Save

The authors introduce the multi-component seismic monitoring system AETA (acoustic & electromagnetic testing all in one system). The results of experiments in Yunnan, Sichuan, Tibet, Hebei, Beijing and Guangdong prove that the system AETA has the proper sensitivity with low cost and is easy to be installed. Meanwhile, the raw data and feature data refined from raw data have a good indication of earthquake. More subsequent experiments will be organized in west of China, capital circle of China and Taiwan Strait for deep research on effect of prediction.

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Reconfigurable Operators Array: Architecture and Modeling
YONG Shanshan,WANG Xin’an,CAO Ying,ZHANG Fangni,SHI Xiaolong,XIE Zheng
Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis   
Abstract682)      PDF(pc) (809KB)(423)       Save
A novel FPGA fabric, reconfigurable operators (ReOps) array, which can reduce configurable time greatly and obtain a comparable performance on speed, is composed of multiple kinds of ReOps which are coarse-grain and function changeable instead of fine-grain LUT (lookup table)-based CLBs (configurable logic blocks). ReOps are classified into four kinds, arithmetic ReOps, control ReOps, path ReOps and memory ReOps. The function set of ReOps is just like a set of instruction of circuit which is soundness for circuits’ implementation. A hierarchy interconnection architecture consists of global interconnection for performing long distance transfer, local interconnection for performing adjacent transfer and IO interconnection for performing system interface, is presented. The switch box is implemented by general switch array. Two kinds of segments are proposed, single line and group lines. The width of group lines is n (integer, n>1) bits which behaved consistently and can get a great reduction on configuration bit-stream and a better speed. In order to do deep research and analysis, a model of this fabric is also developed which can obtain a different fabric quickly with different architecture file.
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Design and Implementation of Baseband Transmitter for UHF RFID Reader
YONG Shanshan,WANG Xin’an,ZHANG Fangni,SHI Xiaolong,LIU Bin,GUO Zhaoyang,Lü Wei,CAO Ying,SU Jiting
Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis   
Abstract790)      PDF(pc) (692KB)(466)       Save
A baseband transmitter for UHF (ultra high frequency) RFID (radio frequency identification) reader is proposed, which supports ISO 18000-6B&6C protocol and works at 840-960 MHz. Taking security and compatibility into consideration, 2-bits PIE-kind encoder and PIE encoder are both implemented, the former is 6 times higher security than the later. In SSB modulation, when there is amplitude mismatch of two quadrature signals, it will generate two frequency bands and result in performance lost. For this problem, an amplitude matching module is integrated. A power adjustment module in baseband is also proposed to enhance the signal and get larger input signal for PA to generate larger PA output power. The whole reader chip is implemented in a 0.18μm CMOS process and consumes 209461 gates and 102.609 mW. The baseband transmitter takes up 22% of the total area. This novel architecture doesn’t bring much lost in area and power consumption compared with other existing designs.
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A RISC CPU Oriented Reusable Functional Verification Platform Based on UVM
XIE Zheng,WANG Teng,YONG Shanshan,CHEN Xu,SU Jiting,WANG Xin’an
Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis   
Abstract928)      PDF(pc) (1649KB)(1242)       Save
With a verification environment based on the UVM (universal verification Methodology) verification methodology and UVM1.1 standard library, building a reference model through the aspect-oriented paradigm and separation of properties of function, timing and structure and generating the high functional coverage test cases based on knowledge base at the transaction level, the integrated verification platform took the PKU-DSPII as example, to implement RISC CPU-oriented functional verification and domain reuse. Experimental results show that the reusability is enhanced significantly and the coverage efficiency of the test cases improves about 7% relatively.
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Design of Reconfigurable Processor ReMAP for Video Codec
DAI Peng,YONG Shanshan,WANG Xin’an,ZHANG Xing
Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis   
Abstract569)            Save
A coarse-grain reconfigurable processor ReMAP-2 is proposed for video codec applications which shares several important characteristics: compute intensity, parallelism, and locality. ReMAP-2 comprises of a reconfigurable array of processing elements and interconnect network with neighborly connect and segment buses, which possesses good scalability. The architecture can change the function of processing elements and the data path of the reconfigurable array by uploading different configuration stream for different applications, which is suit for multiple standard of video codec. The simulation result shows that ReMAP-2 can achieve much better performance than common media processors. The compute capability is close to or same as ASIC implementation and meanwhile it has upstanding flexibility.
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